RESEARCH AND IMPROVEMENT OF HYDRAULIC HAMMER DESIGNS FOR WELL DRILLING
Abstract
This article presents a scientifically grounded analysis and comparison of new hydraulic hammer models of various types. The study aims to identify patterns in their successive design improvements, determine structural advantages and disadvantages, and establish a correlation between the configuration of key components and the energy parameters of the shock impulse generation process.
The principal patterns in the evolution of hydraulic hammer designs and their interrelation with the operating principle have been established. It was determined that all investigated types of hydraulic hammers—spring-hydraulic, pneumo-hydraulic, and vacuum-chamber—share a similar body architecture but differ in the nature of internal component interaction and the method of forming the working chambers. The research revealed that design complexity enables more precise control over the shock impulse parameters; however, it reduces maintainability and increases manufacturing precision requirements. A trend of transitioning from simple impact stabilization systems to more flexible schemes with controllable operating modes has been identified. Generalization of the results allowed for the formulation of the main directions for improving hydraulic hammers: design simplification while maintaining operational stability, reduction in the number of fast-wearing components, and enhancement of the technological adaptability of the devices for various drilling conditions.
The structural design principles of various hydraulic hammer types have been systematized, and the relationship between their structure and the nature of shock impulse formation has been determined. For the first time, a comparative analysis of spring-hydraulic, pneumo-hydraulic, and vacuum-chamber designs has been conducted, enabling the identification of design evolution patterns and the formulation of directions for their further improvement.
